System for heating and cooling chambers



Dec. 13, 1966 E. scum: y y

SYSTEM FOR HEATING AND COOLING CHAMBERS Filed March 6, 1964 3Sheets-Sheet 1 5 /f6 INVENTOR.

[wwzp l Vway 47mm/a 4 Dec. 13, 1966 E,,W,GQU(;1H 3,29L2Q3 SYSTEM FORHEATING AND 000mm CHAMBERS Filed March a, 1964 a Sheets-Sheet 2 I N VE NTOR. fax/mp0 H/ 60% Dem 11%, WW E. W. GOUGH m mm SYSTEM FOR HEATING ANDCOOLING CHAMBERS Filed March 6, 1964 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 IN VENTOR. .bwawM/Gawy wif djilk United States Patent 3,291,203 SYSTEM FOR HEATING ANDCOOLING CHAMBERS Edward W. Gough, 5757 Ravenspur Road, Palos Verdes,Calif. Filed Mar. 6, 1964, Ser. No. 349,898 8 Claims. (Cl. 165-85) Thisinvention relates to a system to heat or cool chambers from a centralunit.

The invention is useful in heating or cooling motor vehicles, hotels,motels, and the like, and particularly useful in conditioning motorvehicles in drive-in theaters, and the invention is described withrespect to that use,

The modern day drive-in theater has had difficulty in attractingcustomers during periods of uncomfortably warm or cold weather inselected portions of the country. Attempts have been made to at leastprovide individual heating units for automobiles, and to date, theseheating units have not been widely accepted as being a solution to theproblem. Most generally a resistance heating unit in combination with afan have been used, which at best is only a partial answer to theproblem. These heating units have posed a problem in safety, especiallyduring wet weather, since the electrical leads must be necessarilytrailed from an outlet to each automobile, and the constant electricalhazard has been troublesome.

Air conditioning has not been available for drive-in theaters due to thedifiiculty and the expense of providing conventional air conditioningunits tfor each vehicle. The result has been a marked drop in attendanceto drivein theaters during periods of extereme heat in those parts ofthe country where daytime temperatures do not drop substantially aftersundown.

Central systems for heating and cooling units such as ofiice buildingsand large hotels have proven to be quite economical and satisfactorywhen the number of units is quite appreciable. These known centralconditioning units are quite immense, requiring an extremely largeamount of capital and equipment for the initial installation. Prior tothe present invention, central heating or cooling has not been adaptedto relatively small numbers of units in the category of small hotels,motels, hospitals and the like.

The present invention combines the advantages of central heating andcooling and extends them to consumers that have a need for portableunits and a low cost central system with minimum cost and minimuminstallation. One of the more attractive advantages of the presentinvention is the lack of electrical connections in and around theindividual conditioning units which are installed in such things asautomobiles for drive-ins, or in individual motel or hospital rooms.

In accordance with my present invention, I have provided a centralsource of heating or cooling fluid directed to individual conditioningunits that may be temporarily or permanently installed within chambers.The invention extends to the method of heating or cooling a chamber bypumping a pressurized working fluid, that has been heated or cooled to aconditioning unit where the pres surized fluid then serves the dualpurpose of providing the thermal energy to be exchanged and driving anair moving device which moves air over the heat exchanger anddistributes the conditioned air about the chamber.

In terms of structure, the invention includes individual conditioningunits which have coils therein in the form of heat exchangers. A turbinemounted in proximity to the coils is driven by the heated or cooledpressurized fluid, and in turn drives a blower which directs forced airover the coils to be heated or cooled and thereafter distributed aboutthe chamber to be conditioned.

3,291,203 Patented Dec. 13, 1966 Further, my invention encompasses acentral system for heating and cooling a series of chambers. The systemincludes a storage vessel of fluid which is heated or cooled, andpressurized into a series of conduits that are connected to theindividual conditioning units described above. The units are portableand may be installed at will in any type of chamber. The flow of fluidto the conditioning unit may be regulated by a manually ad justed flowregulating means at each remote unit and also may be controlled by anautomatic regulating means including a temperature sensitive elementdisposed remote from the unit to thereby automatically regulate theheated air flow.

It is to be understood that the term fluid as used herein extends toliquids and gases, and any combination of the two in any state. The termincludes fluids from the field of cryogenics and extends intosuperheated gases.

While the present invention is especially adaptable for heating andcooling systems in new and existing drive-in theaters, it is to beunderstood that the invention extends to installations in residences,motels, hotels, hospitals, and the like.

Other advantages and features of the invention Will be more 'fullyunderstood from the following detailed description and the accompanyingdrawings in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the present invention illustratinga central storage of heated or cooled fluid and one of a plurality ofconditioning units;

FIG. 2 is a front elevation of an individual conditioning unitconstructed according to the present invention and illustrated partiallyin cross-section taken along lines 22 of FIG. 3;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the conditioning unit illustrated inFIG. 2, the section taken along lines 3-3 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a typical cross-sectional view of a valve used in the presentinvention; and

FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of the conditioning unit constructedaccording to the present invention controlled by thermostatic device.

Referring to FIG. 1, an insulated tank Ill is filled with a fluid 12 andis operatively engaged to a means 14 for varying the amount of heat orcold retained by the fiuid 12. An inlet conduit 16 extends from tank 10and is connected to an individual conditioning unit 18 disposed remotelyfrom tank 10. An individual conditioning unit 18 is illustrated,however, in practicing my invention, it is contemplated that a pluralityof individual units 18 will be connected to a single centrally locatedtank 10.

The conditioning unit 18 includes a fluid operated turbine 20 connectedto inlet conduit 16 and a flow regulating device such as a valve 22disposed up stream from the turbine 20. Thus valve 22 may be closed andturbine 20 will not be constantly subjected to line pressure. A heatexchange coil 24 is connected in series with turbine 20, and outletconduit 26 leads back to the tank 16. While inlet conduit 16 and outletconduit 26 indicate separate lines run from the centrally located tank10, it is a matter of choice to provide a series of branch plumbinglines of varying capacity into an installation such as a drive-intheater. This plumbing can be arranged for convenience sake such thatindividual lines need not connect each conditioning unit with the fluidsource.

A pump 28, disposed in proximity to tank It), gives the fluid 12 ahydraulic head such that upon reaching the individual unit-s 18 normallysome distance away from tank 10, a pressure in the vicinity of 50 poundsper square inch is available to drive turbine 20.

The present invention extends to both heating and cooling installations,and thus means 14 connected to tank 10 influences the temperature offluid 12. For ex- 3 ample, a gas fired hot water boiler having fluid 12contained therein would be used for a heating system and could bethermostatically operated such that the entire volume of fluid 12 in thetank is kept at a particular temperature such as 200 F. It iscontemplated that the capacity of tank 10 is considerably greater thanthe immediate requirements of the total number of individual units 18used in the central conditioning system. Thus the fluid 12 may be heatedduring an off peak period such as during the late evening hours or earlymorning hours, or in the case of a drive-in theater, during the off peakmorning and afternoon hours.

Alternatively, the means 14 may be a refrigeration unit for cooling arefrigerant such as a mixture of water and an anti-freeze such asethylene glycol. A conventional compressor and condenser unit used forlarge scale refrigeration systems may be used to advantage and operatedduring the off peak hours to cool the mixture to 10 F., for storage atthis temperature within the insulated tank 10. In the case of a drive-intheater, it is required that 3,000 B.t.u. per hour per vehicle isrequired to keep the occupants comfortable at temperatures of 90 to 100F. existing exteriorly of the vehicle. This refrigeration would thenamount to approximately onequarter ton of refrigeration required perautomobile, and in a standard drive-in theater having spaces for 400automobiles, a 100 ton system may be operated constantly to store asufficient amount of water and ethylene glycol mixture to adequatelycondition each vehicle within the theater. Using these approximations ofcapacity, the tank 10 should be large enough to contain 10,000 gallonsof fluid without an extreme amount of heat loss through radiation.

Referring now to FIGS. 2 and 3, an example of an individual conditioningunit 18, particularly adaptable for installation in an automobilevehicle, is illustrated. A support structure takes the form of a casing30 having a circular, hollow, pancake shaped support member 32 with aflat disc 34 fixedly mounted thereon. Support member 32 has a pluralityof arcuately shaped slots 36 centrally located, which acts as an intakegrill. Disposed on the entire periphery of support member 32 are aseries of slots 38 functioning as an outlet grill. A flow path isdefined such that air may enter the grooves 36 passing through theinterior of casing 30 and exit through the outlet grill through slots38.

Conduit 16, having a standard fitting 39 fixedly mounted thereon, entersthe casing 30 through an aperture 40 in disc 34. Fitting 39 is threadedwithin a conventional L-shaped coupling 42, which is mounted upon aconventional globe valve 44 having a stem 46 extending therefrom,terminating in a handle 48 disposed exteriorly of casing 30. The valve44 affords the user of the conditioning unit 18 means for regulating thefluid flow through the unit to the point of shutting it off entirely, ifdesired. A standard flare unit 50, extending from valve 44, has a lengthof tubing 52 mounted thereto which extends into inlet orifice 54 of aturbine 56.

Turbine 56, centrally mounted within casing 30, is fixedly attached to aplate 58 that in turn is supported and mounted upon the interior ofsupport member 32. A plurality of apertures 61, formed in plate 58, aredisposed about the periphery of turbine 56, thus affording communicationof air entering the arcuately shaped slots 36 to impinge upon a blower60 which is driven by turbine 56.

The turbine 56 includes a housing 62 with a closely fitting cap 64disposed thereon, and an O-ring 66 positioned therebetween; the entireassembly retained in position by a plurality of screws 68, 70 passingtherethrough and extending through plate 58. The turbine rotor 72 has aplurality of driven vanes 74 extending upwardly therefrom and shaped insuch a manner that the fluid entering tube 52 is directed throughorifice 54 in a direction tangent to the vanes 74. A cavity 76, formedin cap 64,

is centrally located over rotor 72 and has an outlet 77 formed therein.A centrally located shaft 78 extends laterally from rotor 72 and isjournaled within the bearing 80 formed in the housing 62. O-ring 82disposed within the bearing portion 80 and abutting the shaft 78 insealing relation therewith prevents a loss of fluid from the turbine 56.

The blower 60 is fixedly mounted to the rotor 72 and shaft 78 by anadapter 84, which is screwed to the blower and fixedly attached to theshaft 78. Blower 60 comprises a cup shaped shell having a series ofslots 86 formed on its periphery and a plurality of inwardly extendingcurved vanes 88. Thus by this construction, rotation of rotor 72 by theimpact of fluid under sufficient pressure entering orifice 54 rotatesvanes 74, shaft 78, and blower 60. In a preferred embodiment the turbine56 and blower 60 are fabricated of plastic such as nylon to minimize theinertia of the moving system.

A tubing 90 extends within cap 64 and is in communication with thecavity 76 to thus duct all fluid from the interior of turbine 56 afterit has passed through rotor 72. A length of heat exchanger coil 92 isconnected by a standard elbow fitting 94 to the tubing 90. The heatexchanger coil 92 is arranged in a spiral array within the casing 30between the blower 60 and the plurality of slots 38 serving as theoutlet grill. Pinned tubing may be used as the heat exchanger coil 92such that thermal energy may be readily transmitted from the interior ofthe coil through the plurality of fins 96 in typical heat exchangefashion. An example of the coil size is inch diameter by 6 feet inlength; however, the size is partially dependent upon the capacity andthe rate of heating or cooling desired for the particular installation.One feature of my invention is the disposition of the heat exchangercoils 92 between the blower 60 and the outlet grill slots 38 of the unitsuch that the air flow is radial and generally parallel to the flatportion of casing 30. This air flow would then generally follow thewalls of the chamber to be heated when the unit 18 is placed flatagainst a chamber wall.

The heat exchange coil 92 terminates in the innermost portion of thespiral array with a conventional tube fitting with tubing 98 extendingradially upwardly. The outlet conduit 26 enters the aperture 41 withinthe disc 34 and has a standard elbow fitting 100 which is connected totubing 98 to complete the hydraulic circuit.

During those periods in which the conditioning unit 18 is used for airconditioning, the spiral array of heat exchange coils 92 having achilled fluid passing therethrough normally have a tendency to condensemoisture from the atmosphere, and after extended operation of the unit,this condensate would drip intermittently from the casing 30. For thisreason, a series of arcuately shaped condensate gathering troughs 102,104, 106, 108, 110, 112 are disposed in intimate relationship with eachheat exchange coil in such a manner as to collect all the condensatewithin the lower most trough 112. All troughs 102-112 are arcuatelyshaped in cross section and mate the exterior configuration of heatexchange coils 92. The troughs are disposed between the lower mostportions of the coils 92 and cover only A to /3 of the periphery of thecoils 92, thereby allowing the air moved by blower 60 to be unimpeded bythe troughs. Each trough has at least one aperture 102A, 104A, 108A,110A, 112A disposed in the lower most portion such that gatheredcondensate naturally drip to the next succeeding trough. A length ofoutwardly extending closed gutter 114 is fixedly mounted to casing 30and communicates with perforation 112A such that all collectedcondensate will naturally flow exteriorly of the casing. Any suitablemeans may be arranged for directing the condensate to a suitablecollecting basin where it may be disposed.

The conditioning unit 18 is especially adapted for installation within amotor vehicle by having an L-shaped adapter bracket 116 fixedly mountedupon the disc 34 and rigidly supporting the inlet conduit 16 and outletconduit 26. Thus the bracket 116 may be hooked over the upper edge of avehicle Window 118 and with the window in its upper-most position,bracket 116 abuts an upper door frame 120. The gutter 114 is sopositioned as to abut the lower most portion of the vehicle Window 118such that condensate may naturally flow down the interior of the windowand escape through the conventional perforations in the lower mostportion of the vehicle door (not shown).

Referring to FIG. 1, a second valve 17 is mounted in the inlet conduit16 and positioned upstream of the regulating valve 22. An example of theinstallation in a drive-in theater includes an upstanding post (notshown) normally disposed adjacent to a motor vehicle to which the inletand outlet conduits are connected and valve 17 is mounted in closeproximity to the post. This valve 17 acts as a means for terminatingfluid flow during those times when the flow drastically increasesdownstream of valve 17. During those times when the inlet or outletconduits are broken through wear, abrasion, or intentionally severed,the valve closes thus preventing loss of fluid through the inlet conduit16. Referring to FIG. 3, the orifice 54 in turbine 20 limits the amountof flow through the conditioning unit 18 and is of a size substantiallysmaller than tubing 52, inlet conduit 16, outlet conduit 26, and allother conduits. Thus, with a break in the inlet conduit 16 downstream ofvalve 17, the flow drastically increases since the fluid is no longerlimited by the orifice 54.

An example of valve 17 is illustrated in FIG. 4 and comprises a sealingelement 122, a valve seat 124, and a spring 126 disposed within inletconduit 16. The inlet conduit 16 is fixedly attached to conduit 16A by astandard fitting 128 with the internal tubing sizes being approximatelythe same to prevent a substantial drop in pressure. Sealing element 122is normally in spaced relation with valve seat 124 such that the fluidflow passes through valve 17 under all normal conditions. A light coilspring 126 disposed within inlet conduit 16 abuts the sealing disc 130.By breaking the inlet conduit 16 downstream of valve 17 and upstream ofturbine 20, the flow rate will drastically increase which drags sealingelement 122 towards seat 124 during this increase in flow to close valve17 and terminate flow therethrough. The fluid pressure within inletconduit 16 upstream of valve 17 will constantly urge sealing element 122closed until such time as the back pressure downstream of valve 17 isincreased to a level which opens sealing element 122. A similar valve17A is mounted in the outlet conduit 26 at a position as close aspossible to the downstream extremity of heat exchanger coil 92. Valve17A is exactly the same construction as valve 17 and serves the samefunction for the same reason.

Referring now to FIG. 5, a means for regulating the fluid flow throughinlet conduit 16 may include an element which is temperature sensitive,thus regulating the amount of fluid passing into conditioning unit 18.In installations such as motels or hospitals, manual adjustment ofregulating valve 22 would be cumbersome. An example of the regulatingmeans takes the form of a casing 132 having a flexible bellows 134disposed therein and abutting conduit 16. A temperature sensing bulb 136is disposed remote from casing 132 and conditioning unit 18 in an areacentrally located within the room or rooms which are heated or cooled. Acapillary tube 138 connects bellows 134 with bulb 136 and a fluid, whichchanges its volume linearly with changes in temperature, is chargedwithin bellows 134, bulb 136, and capillary tubing 138. Thus withchanges in temperature, sensed by bulb 136, the pressure exerted uponthe flexible inlet conduit 16 will vary directly in relation totemperature changes and thereby modulate the amount of fluid passingwithin conditioning unit 18.

The operation of the present invention as a heating unit will now bedescribed. It is presumed that conditioning unit 18 is disposed withinthe chamber to be conditioned, as for example a motor vehicle. The unitis installed interiorly in a manner as illustrated in FIG. 2, or in thecase of a motel or hospital, is mounted preferably on or in closeproximity to one wall of a room. Tank 10 is charged with a fluid 12which is heated by means 14 to a temperature of 200 F. Pump 28pressurizes fluid 12 entering inlet conduit 16. Upon opening valve 22,pressurized fluid enters turbine 56 and impinges on vanes 74 causingrapid rotation of the rotor 72 and blower 69. The fluid passes throughturbine 56 and enters the heat exchange coils 92 transferring thermalenergy thereto, which is radiated to the fins 96. Upon passing throughthe entire length of heat exchange coils 92, the fluid re-enters tank 10by the outlet conduit 26. While blower 60 is rotated by turbine 56, airis sucked in through the a'rcuately shaped inlet (grooves 36 and isblown past the spiral array of heat exchange coils 92. In passing overthe coils, the air is heated by radiation and is directed radially outslots 38 along the inner surfaces of the chamber to be heated. Thisoperation is continuous, and the amount of heat emitted by the unit 18,and the speed of blower 60 may be regulated by adjusting the fluid flowthrough valve 44.

The operation of conditioning unit 18 for cooling purposes issubstantially the same as that described above, with the exception thatmean-s 14 is .a refrigerating unit, and fluid 12 has an antifreeze addedthereto to prevent icing. The passage of the fluid through unit 18 andits regulation is substantially the same as described above.

What is claimed is:

1. A heating-cooling conditioning unit for an enclosure comprising:

a pancake shaped support structure,

means mounted on the support structure for attaching the unit to anenclosure,

inlet and outlet fluid conduits protruding within the support structure,

heat exchange coils arranged in a flat spiral array with an openingcentrally located in the array engaged with the inlet and outlet coils,

a rotatively mounted fan supported by the support structure protrudingwithin the coil opening such that air moved by the fan would be directedacross the coils,

a fluid turbine engaged with the fan and having inlet and outlet portsthereon communicating with the inlet fluid conduit,

whereby pressurized fluid flowing through the inlet conduit willtransfer thermal energy as it passes through the coils and will drivethe turbine and the fan to move air across the coils to therebycondition an enclosure.

2. A heating-cooling conditioning unit as defined in claim 1 and inaddition:

deflector va-nes arranged on the fan to direct air substantiallyparallel to the flat spiral array of heat exchange coils.

4. A heating-cooling conditioning unit operated by pressurized fluidcomprising:

a hollow support structure having a centrally located intake grill andan outlet grill disposed on the periphy,

a squirrel cage blower pivotally mounted within the support structuredisposed adjacent to the inlet grill and aligned with the outlet grill,

a turbine fixedly attached to the blower and received by the supportstructure,

a length of heat exchange coil arranged in a flat spiral array anddisposed within the support structure between the blower and the outletgrill,

inlet and outlet conduits protruding within the support structure andattached to the extremities of the heat exchanger coil,

the turbine having an inlet and an outlet port interposed in the inletconduit upstream of the heat exchange coils,

the inlet conduit having a first portion connected to the turbine inletport and a second portion to the turbine outlet port,

whereby pressurized fluid in the unit may rotate the turbine and theblower thereby directing air to be drawn within the support structureintake grill by the fan and forcing it across the heat exchange coil andout the outlet grill.

5. A conditioning unit comprising:

inlet and outlet conduits,

a turbine connected to the inlet,

a blower connected to the turbine and driven thereby,

a length of heat exchange coils disposed adjacent to the blower andconnected to the inlet and outlet conduits,

and a valve means inserted in the inlet conduit upstream of the turbineand heat exchange coils for terminating fluid flow to the unit in theevent of an abnormally large increase in flow of fluid such as caused bya break in one of the conduits downstream of the valve means the valvemeans including a sealing element therein which closes upon apreselected increase in flow through the valve means.

6. A conditioning unit especially adapted for air conditioning and to beconnected to a source of refrigerated fluid comprising:

inlet and outlet fluid conduits,

heat exchange coils arranged in a flat spiral array,

a casing having the heat exchange coils arranged therethe casing havingan inlet and an outlet for the passage of air with the coils disposedWithin the natural passage of air between the inlet and outlet,

a means for moving air mounted on the casing adjacent the heat exchangecoils,

a turbine mounted on the airmoving means and having an inlet and anoutlet thereon interposed within the inlet conduit,

a plurality of channel shaped condensate collecting troughs disposedbelow the heat exchange coils when mounted in a normal position, and

a gutter mounted on the casing and in communication with the trough suchthat condensed liquids may flow from the coils through the trough andout the gutter.

7. A conditioning unit especially adapted for air conditioning and to beconnected to a source of refrigerated fluid comprising:

inlet and outlet fluid conduits,

a fluid regulating valve mounted on the inlet conduit,

a length of heat exchange coil with a first and second extremitiesarranged in a spiral array having at least two rows of coils disposed ina preselected manner,

the first heat exchange coil extremity attached to the outlet conduit,

a turbine having inlet and outlet ports thereon,

tubing attached to the turbine inlet port and to the valve for fluidtransmission therethrough,

a second tube connected to the turbine oulet port and to secondextremity of the heat exchange coils,

a blower mounted on the turbine and disposed adjacent to the heatexchange coils,

a set of channel-shaped condensate collecting troughs mounted below theheat exchange coils,

the troughs having perforations therein for directing condensate fluidfrom one trough to the succeeding troughs with the lower most troughbeing formed with a single perforation therein, and

:a gutter extending to a preselected position in spaced relation to theheat exchange coils and having a port disposed proximate to theperforation in the lowermost trough adjacent to the spiral array of heatexchange coils.

8. A heating or cooling conditioning unit comprising:

a substantially flat pancake shaped hollow casing having a plurality ofcentrally disposed intake grooves and a series of slots formed on theperiphery of the casing acting as an outlet, an inlet and an outletconduit extending within the casing, a turbine centrally located withinthe casing,

the turbine including a rotor rotatably mounted therein and havingformed thereon a plurality of radially disposed vanes extendingtherefrom,

the turbine having a passageway therein disposed in such a manner so asto be tangent to at least one of the rotor vanes during a portion of therotor revolution,

the turbine having a second passageway formed therein in communicationwith the rotor for ducting fluid exteriorly of the turbine,

a blower fixedly mounted to the turbine rotor and having inwardlycurved, arcuately shaped vanes disposed thereon for centrifugally movingair from the casing inlet to the casing outlet,

'tubing connected between the first turbine passageway and the inletconduit,

a manually operable valve interposed within the tubing and having a stemextending exteriorly of the casing,

a length of heat exchange coil arranged in a spiral fashion within thecasing in proximity of the blower and arranged in such a manner so as toreceive the majority of the air moved by the blower which passes throughthe casing inlet and is directed through the casing outlet,

the heat exchange coil having a plurality of fins formed thereonextending radially from the coil with adjacent fins being in spacedrelation to each other,

one extremity of the heat exchange coil connected to the outlet conduit,and

a second extremity of the heat exchange coil being connected to thesecond passageway formed in the turbine.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,162,152 6/1939Wulle -125 2,255,292 9/1941 Lincoln 16585 2,454,654 11/1948 Kaufman165-125 2,504,798 4/1950 Brinen 165125 2,612,830 10/1952 Kendrick 9822,692,759 10/1954 Swenson et a1 165-85 2,959,031 11/ 1960 Hopkinson eta1 62290 2,978,225 4/1961 Dallas 16546 3,001,479 9/1961 Swenson et al16585 3,145,925 8/1964 Swenson et al 16585 FOREIGN PATENTS 1,014,7918/1952 France.

ROBERT A. OLEARY, Primary Examiner.

CHARLES SUKALO, Examiner.

1. A HEATING-COOLING CONDITIONING UNIT FOR AN ENCLOSURE COMPRISING: APANCAKE SHAPED SUPPORT STRUCTURE, MEANS MOUNTED ON THE SUPPORT STRUCTUREFOR ATTACHING THE UNIT TO AN ENCLOSURE, INLET AND OUTLET FLUID CONDUITSPROTRUDING WITHIN THE SUPPORT STRUCTURE, HEAT EXCHANGE COILS ARRANGED INA FLAT SPIRAL ARRAY WITH AN OPENING CENTRALLY LOCATED IN THE ARRAYENGAGED WITH THE INLET AND OUTLET COILS, A ROTATIVELY MOUNTED FANSUPPORTED BY THE SUPPORT STRUCTURE PROTRUDING WITHIN THE COIL OPENINGSUCH THAT AIR MOVED BY THE FAN WOULD BE DIRECTED ACROSS THE COILS, AFLUID TURBINE ENGAGED WITH THE FAN AND HAVING INLET AND OUTLET PORTSTHEREON COMMUNICATING WITH THE INLET FLUID CONDUIT, WHEREBY PRESSURIZEDFLUID FLOWING THROUGH THE INLET CONDUIT WILL TRANSFER THERMAL ENERGY ASIT PASSES THROUGH THE COILS AND WILL DRIVE THE TURBINE AND THE FAN TOMOVE AIR ACROSS THE COILS TO THEREBY CONDITION AN ENCLOSURE.